Now that we've enjoyed a few warm days, one starts dreaming of spring and gardening of course. I always look forward to perusing plant catalogs to see if there are any new and exciting varieties available as well as heirloom favorites. This is eye candy for me! 

Follow this link to the 2017 Perennial Guide from Van Noort Bulb Company Ltd. for a comprehensive catalog of perennials, shrubs, vines, and summer flowering bulbs. Remember that Calgary is zone 3/4 as there are some plants listed in the catalog that are not winter hardy here. 

Ask me about designing and installing a garden customized for your landscape. Spring is just around the corner.

As my back yard has many trees, certain sections of lawn do not receive enough sunlight to thrive. Over time the lawn has become pale, grass blades have thinned, and the area has become overgrown with weeds. I didn't feel like turning the patch into a shade garden, but wanted to have some sort of "lawn". After some experimentation, I have succeeded in finding a ground cover that grows happily in this space - Dutch White Clover.

My first attempt for this area was to add dense shade tolerant grass seed. The product is marketed as able to grow in areas of dense shade with as little as 3 hours of sunlight per day. As you can see in my photo, there is some dappled sunlight in the area so I thought this would be a suitable choice. Results were disappointing so I moved onto Plan B.

My second attempt involved planting sheep's fescue grass seed. Sheep's fescue grass is a fantastic choice for lawns for several reasons:

• deeper root system that traditional kentucky bluegrass lawns therefore less watering required
• does not spread by underground roots so does not invade nearby flower beds
• grows to 6-8" high so does not require mowing if you don't mind a taller lawn
• slow growing so can be mowed monthly instead of weekly
• stays green all season long. Traditional lawns can turn brown later in the season with hot weather and lack of water.
•  dense growth outcompetes weeds
• apparently grows in sun or shade

I do recommend sheep's fescue lawns for clients but it did not work in my shady yard. Onto Plan C.

My third attempt was to add Dutch White Clover (Trifolium repens) seeds to the existing lawn. I sprinkled it all around the grass and watered daily for about two weeks. Look at the results! A deep green lawn with flowers that have overgrown the existing grass and is absolutely low maintenance. It can be mowed but I choose not to mow it. I leave the flowers for the pollinators to enjoy. I do provide water when required and that's really it.

Dutch White Clover is a legume which is a group of plants that have the ability to utilize atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into a usable form through a process called nitrogen fixation. Therefore, the addition of nitrogen fertilizer is not required as the plant produces it's own. It has a build in food factory. 

It's always interesting to experiment with your garden as some ideas don't always work out, and some are better than expected. I consider my white clover lawn a success and encourage others to consider this groundcover as a lawn alternative, especially in areas too shady to support the growth of other plants.

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On occasion I have had potential clients call me and ask me if I can till their gardens.  The short answer is no, and it's not because I can't, but because I won't.  Tilling soil affects soil structure which has a major influence on water and air movement, biological activity, root growth and seedling emergence.  Watch this short video by the U.S. Department of Agriculture:  (June 29 post)

​Soil Tillage

Have you ever considered adding native plants to your garden?  They are excellent choices as they have naturally survived and thrived in our climate as well as providing a food source for native fauna.  

​Better Homes & Gardens have compiled 15 native plants for our region, and with the exception of Idaho Fescue (zone 5), they are great choices for Calgary gardens.

View important information regarding Bronze Leaf Disease from The City of Calgary:

Bronze Leaf Disease

Afternoon tea in the garden is one of my favorite pastimes.  If you happen to grow lavender, why not make lavender jelly for your scones?  Here's a recipe for this wonderful creation:

Lavender Jelly
3 1/2 cups water
1/2 cups dried lavender
1 3/4 oz box powdered pectin OR 3 oz liquid pectin
juice of 1/2 lemon
4 cups sugar

Bring water to a boil.  Add lavender flowers and steep for 20 minutes.  Strain and add lemon juice and pectin; stirring until dissolved.  Reboil and add sugar.  Maintain a rolling boil for 2-4 minutes while stirring.  Transfer to
5 - 1/2 pint sterile jars.  Enjoy!

*If you don't grow lavender, purchase culinary lavender such as Bleu Lavande lavender herbal tea.
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Gardens by Laura supports sustainable gardening practices.  In a nutshell, this means we follow practices that will allow future generations to meet their needs by attempting to protect, restore, and enhance landscapes to provide ecosystems that benefit humans and other organisms.

There are a number of practices that we can all do to protect our environment.  The Missouri Botanical Garden has an excellent article that outlines some of these activities.  Click below to read:

Sustainable Gardening Link

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Pruning is used to prevent or correct problems with a plant.  Plants should be selected based upon many factors, one of which is mature size.  Why select a shrub that will grow to be 6' tall and continually prune it to keep it at 3' tall?  This is poor planning.

As most trees and shrubs develop next season's flower bud during the summer, pruning at this time will remove the flower buds.  One client of mine has a large lilac against their house which has not bloomed.  Their previous gardener had been pruning at the incorrect time and had removed all the flower buds!  

For spring blooming trees and shrubs, pruning should be done immediately after flowering. This allows next season's blooms to form.  Some examples include lilac, Nanking cherry, forsythia, and roses that bloom once per season.

Some trees are considered "bleeders" and will leak sap when pruned when not actively growing. They must be pruned during summer and early fall.  Some examples include Birch and Maple trees.

Conifers usually don't require pruning except to produce denser growth or shorter stature.  These are best pruned before the end of July.  Pruning after this time can produce a dwarfing effect and also remove next season's buds.

If your plant has dead or diseased areas, these should be removed at any time. You do not want to allow any infections to spread throughout the plant.  For diseased tissue, ensure removal of an additional six inches of healthy wood.  Clean your pruning tools between cuts with an anti-bacterial product such as Lysol, and do NOT apply any wound dressings.  

I know many of you desire a low-maintenance weed free garden and who doesn't?  You may be tempted to add landscape fabric in an effort to eliminate or reduce weeds.  Don't do it!  

Over time, organic matter will find it's way on top of the landscape fabric.  This will then provide a media for weed growth on top of and through the fabric. As most landscape fabrics are covered with inorganic or organic mulches, weeds will also grow into these mulches.  As many weeds are perennial in nature, the entire root must be removed to eliminate regrowth of the weed.  This becomes difficult when the roots are growing into the fabric and mulch.  If you thought weeding was tedious before, you will be pulling your hair out once you have a tangled mess of weeds, landscape fabric, and mulch.

In addition, your garden plant roots may also become tangled into the fabric.  Any attempt to remove the fabric can damage the roots.  If you like to split your perennials and occasionally move plants around, this task becomes much more difficult.  

Landscape fabric will degrade with time, especially when exposed to sunlight.  It is not a permanent solution. The best solution for your garden is an organic mulch with no landscape fabric.  See my blog article on Benefits of Mulches.

Compost is decomposed organic material used as a soil amendment to increase the organic content in soil. Nutrients in compost are returned to the soil, often eliminating the need for additional fertilizers in your garden. By utilizing yard and kitchen scraps, you can create your own black gold by letting Mother Nature work her magic.

Click below for an excellent article and video by Better Homes and Gardens that outline how to make your own compost!

How to Make Compost